Gymnosperms vs Angiosperms | 20 Clear Differences in Points

Gymnosperms are considered as primitive plants while the angiosperms are advanced. There are a few characteristic differences between them.                          GYMNOSPERMS VS. ANGIOSPERMS

Gymnosperms vs Angiosperms

Sl.NoCharecterGymnospermsAngiosperms
1Basic feature These are non-flowering plants which produce seeds
These are flowering plants which produce seeds.
2Seed featureThe seeds are naked and found in scales, leaves, or as cones.The seeds are very well enclosed in the ovary of the plant.
3Leaf scarThe leaves have a scar as the characteristic feature. No leaf scar is present
4Leaf anatomyThe leaves are usually
dimorphic. The foliage leaves are green, simple, needle-like, or pinnately compounded while the scaly leaves are usually minute and deciduous.
The leaves are usually flat
with having a proper lamina,
petiole and can be simple or
compound in nature.
5Life cycleThe leaves are evergreen or
perennial.
The leaves are shed off and die during autumn.
6Plant formGymnosperms are mostly woody plants Angiosperms have a variety of plants forms as trees, shrubs, and herbs.
7WoodA soft type of wood.usually hardwood
8Reproduction The cones in gymnosperms
are unisexual in nature
The flowers in angiosperms
can be bisexual or unisexual.
9Pollination methodUsually wind pollinationThe angiosperms also rely on animals for pollination.
10Cotyledonsabsent in gymnospermsCotyledons present cotyledons and are
divided further into monocots
and dicots
11No. of a set of
chromosomes
a haploid set of chromosomesDiploid set of chromosomes.
12Xylem vessels and companion
cells
Only found in Gnetales Found in most of the plants except
some vessel-less genera
13ovary, style, and stigmaAbsentPresent
14Double fertilization, triple fusion phenomenaDouble fertilization and triple fusion phenomena absentAngiosperm exhibits the
triple fusion and double fertilization in their life cycle.
15Endosperm formation Endosperm formation in gymnosperms occurs
before fertilization
The endosperm formation in
angiosperms takes place after
fertilization as a result of triple fusion, and hence, it is triploid.
16Nuclear divisions free nuclear divisions
occur in the zygote of
gymnosperms
free nuclear divisions are
not seen in the zygote of
angiosperms.
17Tissue formation The tissues in
gymnosperms are less
complex than the
angiosperms. The tissue remains simple.
The tissue formed in angiosperms is more complex than gymnosperms.
18DistributionThe gymnosperms are
evergreen trees and shrubs with xerophytic adaptations. They are mostly found in areas that do not have enough water. There are about 1,000 species found.
The angiosperms have a variety of trees, shrubs, and
herbs found in seasonal weather. This group is the
most populated group having over 260,000species recorded to date, which holds second
position after insects in terms of their diversity.
19Uses to manThey are commonly used for the lumber: pine, spruce, fir.The angiosperms provide all
plant-based food as well as livestock feed. Grains, fruits, legumes, nightshades, potatoes, tomatoes, gourds, cabbages
are all angiosperms products.
20ExamplesPine, spruce, fir , cycads, pinus, conifers, Ginkgo biloba, zamia, etc.lilies, orchids , grasses, roses, peas,
oaks, maples, sunflowers,
eucalyptus, etc.
Gymnosperms vs Angiosperms
Sunflower

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