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Pharmacology

Pharmacology is the study of pharmcokinetics and pharmacodynamics. These explain aspects like how the body handles the drugs and how the drug works in the body.

Types of Receptors | Their Role and Functions in the Body

Published on 01/02/2017 - Updated on 01/15/2025 by Dr. Ranga Reddy, PhD

Receptors are the sensing elements that communicate a signal from the ligand to the cell to elicit a specific physiological response. A ligand is a molecule that can bind to the receptor …

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What is IV Therapy| Its Requirement and Applications

Published on 11/29/2016 - Updated on 01/31/2021 by Dr. Ranga Reddy, PhD

I.V therapy or intravenous therapy is a mode of treatment where the drug or nutrients are given through the venous route of drug administration. This is one of the types of parenteral …

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5 Routes of Medication Administration in Detail

Published on 07/26/2016 - Updated on 12/02/2023 by Dr. Ranga Reddy, PhD
Routes of medication administration

When we visit a doctor for any disease condition, we are prescribed a few medicines that are to be taken by specific routes. These routes include These routes are called routes of …

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Dipiro Pharmacotherapy a pathophysiologic approach review

Published on 06/03/2016 - Updated on 08/02/2021 by Dr. Ranga Reddy, PhD

Pharmacotherapy is the study of drug use from a clinical perspective. Unlike pharmacology, where one studies drugs and their mechanism of action, one gets a clinical picture of how a drug is …

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Drug Development Process| Overview of Preclinical & clinical phases

Published on 12/16/2015 - Updated on 07/05/2023 by Dr. Ranga Reddy, PhD
soft gelatin capsules

The drug development process is a continuous process stimulated by the emergence of new diseases and the requirement of new drugs for existing ones. The process involves a sequence of steps like …

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Animal Testing Pros and Cons |List of 8 Facts to Consider

Published on 09/30/2015 - Updated on 10/27/2022 by Dr. Ranga Reddy, PhD
Animal Testing Pros and Cons

Animal testing is a process in which small animals, like rats, mice, rabbits, pigs, dogs, etc., are used for experimentation. This is a regular practice in drug development and other areas of …

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Antibiotics Classification | Their Definition, function & mechanism

Published on 10/10/2012 - Updated on 07/10/2023 by Dr. Ranga Reddy, PhD
antibiotic

By definition, antibiotics are natural molecules that, in small doses, destroy bacteria without affecting the body cells. There are classified as Antibiotics are drugs meant to kill bacteria without affecting human cells (host …

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Use of Animals in Scientific Research | A Complete Guide

Published on 06/05/2012 - Updated on 10/27/2022 by Dr. Ranga Reddy, PhD
Use of Animals in Scientific Research-guinea pig

Animal testing is routinely used in pharma industries, scientific research labs for testing of drugs, nutraceuticals, cosmetics, etc. They are used as per provisions of animal laws after obtaining proper approvals. However, there …

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