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Pharmacology

Pharmacology is the study of pharmcokinetics and pharmacodynamics. These explain aspects like how the body handles the drugs and how the drug works in the body.

Parenteral Drug Administration| Its Types, Advantages and Disadvantages

Published April 1, 2017 | Updated January 27, 2021 by Dr. Ranga Reddy N, Ph.D.

Parenteral administration is a route of drug administration devoid of oral route. Here the drug is given from routes other than oral …

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Forms of Drugs| Different Types of Dosage forms with examples.

Published March 20, 2017 | Updated August 23, 2022 by Dr. Ranga Reddy N, Ph.D.
Forms of Drugs

Drugs are given in different forms. There are many forms of drugs to suit the needs of individual patients. The same drug …

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Should Animals be Used for Research? Why and Why Not

Published March 13, 2017 | Updated November 1, 2025 by Dr. Ranga Reddy N, Ph.D.
Should Animals be Used for Research

When animals are used for testing, we inflict severe pain on them. Sometimes it leads to permanent disability and even death. But, …

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5 Types of Muscarinic Receptors | Their Effects, Functions, Agonists and Antagonists

Published March 9, 2017 | Updated March 21, 2026 by Dr. Ranga Reddy N, Ph.D.
Muscarinic-Receptors

Muscarinic receptors are a part of the parasympathetic system. They are stimulated by the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which is released at nerve endings. …

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2 Types of Nicotinic Receptors | Their Properties and functions

Published January 28, 2017 | Updated December 13, 2022 by Dr. Ranga Reddy N, Ph.D.
types of nicotinic receptors

Nicotinic receptors are of two types as These receptors, along with the muscarinic receptors, are called cholinergic receptors as the neurotransmitter acetylcholinesterase …

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Describe the Similarities between Enzymes and Receptors

Published January 2, 2017 | Updated October 8, 2023 by Dr. Ranga Reddy N, Ph.D.

Both the enzymes and receptors are targets for drug action and many biomolecules in the body. Further, they both are proteinaceous in …

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Types of Receptors | Their Role and Functions in the Body

Published January 2, 2017 | Updated September 30, 2025 by Dr. Ranga Reddy N, Ph.D.

Receptors are the elements that convey a signal into the cell. These sensing elements communicate signals received from the ligand into the …

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What is IV Therapy| Its Requirement and Applications

Published November 29, 2016 | Updated January 31, 2021 by Dr. Ranga Reddy N, Ph.D.

I.V therapy or intravenous therapy is a mode of treatment where the drug or nutrients are given through the venous route of …

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Biochemistry course: for study in offline and online

Published August 27, 2016 | Updated March 19, 2025 by Dr. Ranga Reddy N, Ph.D.
Biochemistry courses 1

Biochemistry is one of the interesting branches of biological science. It is extended into diverse fields and its contribution in terms of application, …

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Part Time Phd Programs | Requirement & Benefits

Published August 2, 2016 | Updated March 19, 2025 by Dr. Ranga Reddy N, Ph.D.
part time phd program

Part-time Ph.D. programs are being brought out by many top-rated universities due to growing demand. Ph.D. (doctor of philosophy)  is a higher …

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